Small businesses are increasingly targeted by cybercriminals. In fact, over 43% of cyberattacks now target small and mid-sized businesses (SMBs), often because they lack robust security controls. Fortunately, most attacks are preventable with a few essential steps.
Whether you're running a retail shop, healthcare clinic, or consulting firm, this guide offers practical cybersecurity tips tailored to small businesses—backed by global security frameworks like the CIS Critical Security Controls.
1. Follow the Principle of Least Privilege (PoLP)
Limit employee access to only the data and systems required for their job. This helps reduce internal threats and accidental exposure.
- Create role-based access controls
- Review user permissions monthly
- Use separate accounts for admin tasks
2. Turn On Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)
Protect login access with a second layer of verification like an SMS code or authentication app. 2FA blocks 99% of password-based attacks.
- Use 2FA for email, CRM, and cloud apps
- Encourage employees to set up app-based 2FA (e.g., Google Authenticator)
- Avoid SMS-based 2FA for sensitive platforms
3. Use a Web Application Firewall (WAF)
A WAF protects your website or web app by filtering malicious traffic and blocking attacks like SQL injections and cross-site scripting (XSS).
- Use a managed WAF (like Cloudflare or AWS WAF)
- Configure rules to block bots and geolocation-based threats
- Enable DDoS protection
4. Segment Your Network with Zones
Divide your business network into logical “zones” to prevent malware from spreading across systems.
- Separate guest Wi-Fi from internal networks
- Place payment systems in isolated VLANs
- Use firewalls to control communication between zones
5. Use Strong Passwords + a Password Manager
Avoid default or weak passwords. A password manager can generate and store secure credentials.
- Require passwords to be 12+ characters
- Enforce complexity and expiration policies
- Use tools like Bitwarden or 1Password for teams
6. Keep Software and Systems Updated
Cyber attackers often exploit outdated software. Keep everything patched—your firewall, routers, CMS, and employee devices.
- Enable auto-updates where possible
- Monitor vendor alerts for security patches
- Replace end-of-life systems
7. Train Employees to Recognize Phishing
Employees are your first line of defense. Train them to spot suspicious emails and avoid social engineering traps.
- Use phishing simulation tools
- Provide quarterly awareness training
- Display a “report suspicious email” button in Outlook/Gmail
8. Establish Security Rules and an Incident Plan
Every business—no matter the size—should have basic written policies for handling data, reporting incidents, and onboarding new users.
- Define rules for email use, passwords, and file sharing
- Have an incident response checklist
- Assign a point person for reporting and containment
9. Use Security Tools that Map to CIS Critical Security Controls
The Center for Internet Security (CIS) provides a prioritized set of actions to reduce cyber risk for SMBs.
Implement key CIS Controls:
- Inventory & Control of Hardware/Software Assets
- Secure Configuration for Devices
- Continuous Vulnerability Management
- Controlled Use of Admin Privileges
- Audit Log Management
Choose vendors who align with CIS and NIST standards
10. Back Up Business Data Regularly
Don’t lose your business to ransomware. Keep multiple copies of your critical data.
- Use encrypted backups stored off-site
- Automate daily backups for files and databases
- Test your recovery plan every quarter
Bonus: Use Affordable Security-as-a-Service (SECaaS)
Small businesses don’t need to do this alone. Managed service providers (MSPs) and cybersecurity firms now offer tailored solutions at a fraction of the cost of hiring in-house experts.
- Get firewall + endpoint protection + 24/7 monitoring
- Look for plans that include audit support and user training
- Choose vendors with Canadian or industry-specific experience
Summary: Most Attacks Are Preventable
According to IBM Security, 95% of breaches are caused by human error or avoidable misconfigurations. With clear rules, smart tools, and simple practices, your small business can dramatically reduce risk.
Start with these 10 steps and if you need help implementing them, consider reaching out to a cybersecurity partner who understands small business needs.
Learn More or Get Help
Need help implementing these protections? Contact USOC, we offer simple, affordable, and honest cybersecurity solutions for small businesses across Canada and beyond.